GRASS logo

GRASS GIS 8.3.dev Reference Manual

Geographic Resources Analysis Support System, commonly referred to as GRASS GIS, is a Geographic Information System (GIS) used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing, graphics/maps production, spatial modeling, and visualization. GRASS is currently used in academic and commercial settings around the world, as well as by many governmental agencies and environmental consulting companies.

This reference manual details the use of modules distributed with Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS), an open source (GNU GPLed), image processing and geographic information system (GIS).

Go back to help overview

Table of contents

Display commands (d.*)

d.background Fills the graphics display frame with user defined color.
d.colorlist Outputs a list of all available display colors.
d.correlate Prints a graph of the correlation between raster maps (in pairs).
d.frame Manages display frames on the user's graphics monitor.
d.out.file Saves the contents of the active display monitor to a graphics file.
d.polar Draws polar diagram of angle map such as aspect or flow directions
d.rast.edit Edits cell values in a raster map.
d.rast.leg Displays a raster map and its legend on a graphics window
d.redraw Redraws the content of currently selected monitor.
d.shade Drapes a color raster over an shaded relief or aspect map.
d.to.rast Saves the contents of the active display monitor to a raster map.
d.what.rast Allows the user to interactively query raster map layers at user-selected locations.
d.what.vect Allows the user to interactively query vector map layers at user-selected locations.

Database commands (db.*)

db.columns List all columns for a given table.
db.connect Prints/sets general DB connection for current mapset.
db.copy Copy a table.
db.createdb Creates an empty database.
db.databases Lists all databases for a given driver and location.
db.describe Describes a table in detail.
db.drivers Lists all database drivers.
db.dropcolumn Drops a column from selected attribute table.
db.dropdb Removes an existing database.
db.droptable Drops an attribute table.
db.execute Executes any SQL statement.
db.in.ogr Imports attribute tables in various formats.
db.login Sets user/password for DB driver/database.
db.out.ogr Exports attribute tables into various formats.
db.select Selects data from attribute table.
db.tables Lists all tables for a given database.
db.test Test database driver, database must exist and set by db.connect.
db.univar Calculates univariate statistics on selected table column.

General commands (g.*)

g.access Controls access to the current mapset for other users on the system.
g.cairocomp Overlays multiple X Pixmaps.
g.dirseps Internal GRASS utility for converting directory separator characters.
g.download.location Download GRASS Location from the web
g.extension.all Rebuilds or removes all locally installed GRASS Addons extensions.
g.extension Maintains GRASS Addons extensions in local GRASS installation.
g.filename Prints GRASS data base file names.
g.findetc Searches for GRASS support files.
g.gisenv Outputs and modifies the user's current GRASS variable settings.
g.gui.animation Tool for animating a series of raster and vector maps or a space time raster or vector dataset.
g.gui.datacatalog Tool for browsing, modifying and managing GRASS maps.
g.gui.dbmgr Launches graphical attribute table manager.
g.gui.gcp Georectifies a map and allows managing Ground Control Points.
g.gui.gmodeler Graphical Modeler.
g.gui Launches a GRASS graphical user interface (GUI) session.
g.gui.iclass Tool for supervised classification of imagery data.
g.gui.image2target Georectifies a map and allows managing Ground Control Points for 3D correction.
g.gui.mapswipe Interactively compares two maps by swiping a visibility bar.
g.gui.photo2image Corrects scanning distortions of a paper photo.
g.gui.psmap Tool for creating hardcopy map outputs.
g.gui.rdigit Interactive editing and digitizing of raster maps.
g.gui.rlisetup Configuration tool for r.li modules.
g.gui.timeline Allows comparing temporal datasets by displaying their temporal extents in a plot.
g.gui.tplot Plots the values of temporal datasets.
g.gui.vdigit Interactive editing and digitization of vector maps.
g.manual Displays the manual pages of GRASS modules.
g.mapset Changes/reports current mapset.
g.mapsets Modifies/prints the user's current mapset search path.
g.message Prints a message, warning, progress info, or fatal error in the GRASS way.
g.mkfontcap Generates the font configuration file by scanning various directories for fonts.
g.parser Provides automated parser, GUI, and help support for GRASS scipts.
g.pnmcomp Overlays multiple PPM image files.
g.ppmtopng Converts between PPM/PGM and PNG image formats.
g.search.modules Search in GRASS modules using keywords
g.tempfile Creates a temporary file and prints it's file name.
g.version Displays GRASS GIS version info.

Imagery commands (i.*)

i.band.library Prints available semantic label information used for multispectral data.
i.colors.enhance Performs auto-balancing of colors for RGB images.
i.image.mosaic Mosaics several images and extends colormap.
i.in.spotvgt Imports SPOT VGT NDVI data into a raster map.
i.oif Calculates Optimum-Index-Factor table for spectral bands
i.pansharpen Image fusion algorithms to sharpen multispectral with high-res panchromatic channels
i.spectral Displays spectral response at user specified locations in group or images.
i.tasscap Performs Tasseled Cap (Kauth Thomas) transformation.

Miscellaneous commands (m.*)

m.cogo A simple utility for converting bearing and distance measurements to coordinates and vice versa.
m.measure Measures the lengths and areas of features.
m.proj Converts coordinates from one projection to another (cs2cs frontend).

Raster commands (r.*)

r.blend Blends color components of two raster maps by a given ratio.
r.buffer.lowmem Creates a raster map showing buffer zones surrounding cells that contain non-NULL category values.
r.colors.stddev Sets color rules based on stddev from a raster map's mean value.
r.drain Traces a flow through an elevation model or cost surface on a raster map.
r.fillnulls Fills no-data areas in raster maps using spline interpolation.
r.grow Generates a raster map layer with contiguous areas grown by one cell.
r.import Imports raster data into a GRASS raster map using GDAL library and reprojects on the fly.
r.in.aster Georeference, rectify, and import Terra-ASTER imagery and relative DEMs using gdalwarp.
r.in.srtm Imports SRTM HGT files into raster map.
r.in.wms Downloads and imports data from OGC WMS and OGC WMTS web mapping servers.
r.mapcalc.simple Calculates a new raster map from a simple r.mapcalc expression.
r.mask Creates a MASK for limiting raster operation.
r.out.xyz Exports a raster map to a text file as x,y,z values based on cell centers.
r.pack Exports a raster map as GRASS GIS specific archive file
r.plane Creates raster plane map given dip (inclination), aspect (azimuth) and one point.
r.reclass.area Reclasses a raster map greater or less than user specified area size (in hectares).
r.rgb Splits a raster map into red, green and blue maps.
r.semantic.label Manages semantic label information assigned to a single raster map or to a list of raster maps.
r.shade Drapes a color raster over an shaded relief or aspect map.
r.tileset Produces tilings of the source projection for use in the destination region and projection.
r.unpack Imports a GRASS GIS specific raster archive file (packed with r.pack) as a raster map

3d raster commands (r3.*)

r3.in.xyz Create a 3D raster map from an assemblage of many coordinates using univariate statistics
r3.timestamp Modifies a timestamp for a 3D raster map.

Temporal commands (t.*)

t.connect Prints/sets general temporal GIS database connection for current mapset.
t.copy Creates a copy of a space time raster dataset.
t.create Creates a space time dataset.
t.info Lists information about space time datasets and maps.
t.list Lists space time datasets and maps registered in the temporal database.
t.merge Merges several space time datasets into a single space time dataset.
t.rast.accdetect Detects accumulation patterns in temporally accumulated space time raster datasets created by t.rast.accumulate.
t.rast.accumulate Computes cyclic accumulations of a space time raster dataset.
t.rast.aggregate.ds Aggregates data of an existing space time raster dataset using the time intervals of a second space time dataset.
t.rast.aggregate Aggregates temporally the maps of a space time raster dataset by a user defined granularity.
t.rast.algebra Apply temporal and spatial operations on space time raster datasets using temporal raster algebra.
t.rast.colors Creates/modifies the color table associated with each raster map of the space time raster dataset.
t.rast.contour Produces a space time vector dataset of specified contours from a space time raster dataset.
t.rast.export Exports space time raster dataset.
t.rast.extract Extracts a subset of a space time raster datasets.
t.rast.gapfill Replaces gaps in a space time raster dataset with interpolated raster maps.
t.rast.import Imports space time raster dataset.
t.rast.list Lists registered maps of a space time raster dataset.
t.rast.mapcalc Performs spatio-temporal mapcalc expressions on temporally sampled maps of space time raster datasets.
t.rast.neighbors Performs a neighborhood analysis for each map in a space time raster dataset.
t.rast.out.vtk Exports space time raster dataset as VTK time series.
t.rast.series Performs different aggregation algorithms from r.series on all or a subset of raster maps in a space time raster dataset.
t.rast.to.rast3 Converts a space time raster dataset into a 3D raster map.
t.rast.to.vect Converts a space time raster dataset into a space time vector dataset
t.rast.univar Calculates univariate statistics from the non-null cells for each registered raster map of a space time raster dataset.
t.rast.what Sample a space time raster dataset at specific vector point coordinates and write the output to stdout using different layouts
t.rast3d.algebra Apply temporal and spatial operations on space time 3D raster datasets using temporal 3D raster algebra.
t.rast3d.extract Extracts a subset of a space time 3D raster dataset.
t.rast3d.list Lists registered maps of a space time raster3d dataset.
t.rast3d.mapcalc Performs r3.mapcalc expressions on maps of sampled space time 3D raster datasets.
t.rast3d.univar Calculates univariate statistics from the non-null cells for each registered 3D raster map of a space time 3D raster dataset.
t.register Assigns timestamps and registers raster, vector and raster3d maps in a space time dataset.
t.remove Removes space time datasets from temporal database.
t.rename Renames a space time dataset
t.sample Samples the input space time dataset(s) with a sample space time dataset and print the result to stdout.
t.select Select maps from space time datasets by topological relationships to other space time datasets using temporal algebra.
t.shift Shifts temporally the maps of a space time dataset.
t.snap Snaps temporally the maps of a space time dataset.
t.support Modifies the metadata of a space time dataset.
t.topology Lists temporal topology of a space time dataset.
t.unregister Unregisters raster, vector and raster3d maps from the temporal database or a specific space time dataset.
t.upgrade Upgrades the version of the temporal database.
t.vect.algebra Apply temporal and spatial operations on space time vector datasets using temporal vector algebra.
t.vect.db.select Prints attributes of vector maps registered in a space time vector dataset.
t.vect.export Exports a space time vector dataset as GRASS GIS specific archive file.
t.vect.extract Extracts a subset of a space time vector dataset.
t.vect.import Imports a space time vector dataset from a GRASS GIS specific archive file.
t.vect.list Lists registered maps of a space time vector dataset.
t.vect.observe.strds Observes specific locations in a space time raster dataset over a period of time using vector points.
t.vect.univar Calculates univariate statistics of attributes for each registered vector map of a space time vector dataset
t.vect.what.strds Stores raster map values at spatial and temporal positions of vector points as vector attributes.

Vector commands (v.*)

v.build.all Rebuilds topology on all vector maps in the current mapset.
v.centroids Adds missing centroids to closed boundaries.
v.clip Extracts features of input map which overlay features of clip map.
v.db.addcolumn Adds one or more columns to the attribute table connected to a given vector map.
v.db.addtable Creates and connects a new attribute table to a given layer of an existing vector map.
v.db.dropcolumn Drops a column from the attribute table connected to a given vector map.
v.db.droprow Removes a vector feature from a vector map through attribute selection.
v.db.droptable Removes existing attribute table of a vector map.
v.db.join Joins a database table to a vector map table.
v.db.reconnect.all Reconnects attribute tables for all vector maps from the current mapset to a new database.
v.db.renamecolumn Renames a column in the attribute table connected to a given vector map.
v.db.univar Calculates univariate statistics on selected table column for a GRASS vector map.
v.db.update Updates a column in the attribute table connected to a vector map.
v.dissolve Dissolves boundaries between adjacent areas sharing a common category number or attribute.
v.external.out Defines vector output format.
v.import Imports vector data into a GRASS vector map using OGR library and reprojects on the fly.
v.in.e00 Imports E00 file into a vector map.
v.in.geonames Imports geonames.org country files into a vector points map.
v.in.lines Imports ASCII x,y[,z] coordinates as a series of lines.
v.in.mapgen Imports Mapgen or Matlab-ASCII vector maps into GRASS.
v.in.wfs Imports GetFeature from a WFS server.
v.pack Exports a vector map as GRASS GIS specific archive file
v.rast.stats Calculates univariate statistics from a raster map based on a vector map and uploads statistics to new attribute columns.
v.report Reports geometry statistics for vector maps.
v.timestamp Modifies a timestamp for a vector map.
v.to.lines Converts vector polygons or points to lines.
v.unpack Imports a GRASS GIS specific vector archive file (packed with v.pack) as a vector map
v.what.strds Uploads space time raster dataset values at positions of vector points to the table.
v.what.vect Uploads vector values at positions of vector points to the table.

Main index | Topics index | Keywords index | Graphical index | Full index

© 2003-2023 GRASS Development Team, GRASS GIS 8.3.dev Reference Manual